Saturday 11 July 2009

Satyameva Jayate

"Satyameva Jayate" (satyameva jayate सत्यमेव जयते) (Sanskrit: "Truth Alone Triumphs") is the national motto of India. It is inscribed in Devanagari script at the base of the national emblem, which is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Asoka at Sarnath, near Varanasi in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The origin of the motto is a well-known mantra 3.1.6 from the mundaka Upanishad .
In devanaagri :
सत्यमेव जयते नानृतम् सत्येन पन्था विततो देवयानः । येनाक्रमत् मनुष्यो ह्यात्मकामो यत्र तत् सत्यस्य परं निधानं ॥
Meaning:
Truth alone triumphs; not falsehood.Through truth the divine path is spread out by whichthe sages whose desires have been completely fulfilled,reach where that supreme treasure of Truth resides.
However disputes this interpretation and provides alternative interpretation based on extensive analysis of the Upanishads and the use of Sanskrit. Mehendale notes:
In the above interpretation satyam and anrtam are taken to be the subjects, but this does not seem to be correct. Both satyam and anrtam have to be regarded as the objects, and a rsi is to be understood as the subject. Taken this way, the sentence would mean "A sage obtains only the Real (i. e., the Brahman), not the unreal. ...This interpretation will be found to be in harmony with the spirit of the Upanisads in general and that of the Mundaka in particular."
However, the popular connotations include: (1) 'Truth alone triumphs', or (2) 'Truth alone conquers, not falsehood', or (3) 'The true prevails, not the untrue' (Max Muller (SBE 15), or (4) 'Truth alone conquers, not untruth' (Radhakrishnan, The Principal Upanisads) - citations from Mehendale.

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